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Organic farming is a mode of production is particularly respectful of the environment. The law "Grenelle I" sets a target of 6% of the agricultural area (UAA) in organic farming in 2012 and 20% in 2020. In 2008, this rate is 2.1%, with strong regional disparities. The highest values meet in Guyana (10, 3%), Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur (7.7%) and Languedoc-Roussillon (5.0%), while this rate is less than 0 , 5% in Picardie, Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Champagne-Ardenne.
Share of UAA in organic farming department in 2008 and evolution since 2001
- Definition
The total area in organic farming include:
- surfaces "certified organic" which bring together the parcels for which the conversion period is completed and the production can be marketed with the word "organic"
- areas in conversion (the conversion time ranging from 2 years for annual crops and 3 years for perennial crops).
Organic farming (AB) is one of five official signs identifying the quality and origin. New regulations Europe came into force on 01/01/2009 and reaffirms the fundamental principles of organic agriculture and its objectives: organic farming provides a sustainable management system for agriculture (maintaining biodiversity, preserving the quality of soil, air and water, respect for animal welfare) to agricultural production quality. The use of synthetic chemicals, GMOs and their derivatives are prohibited. The operators of the organic sector are controlled by certification bodies accredited by the government and meets the criteria of independence, impartiality, efficiency and competence.
- Relevance
Organic agriculture provides an answer key to preserving our environment. Organic farming is a specific mode of agricultural production, that is to say a set of agricultural practices that respect the ecological balance and autonomy of farmers.
It contributes to the preservation of land and natural resources and ensure quality of products linked to a type of environmentally friendly production and animal welfare.
It is distinguished by its mode of production, based in particular on non-use of synthetic chemicals, non-GMO use, recycling of organic matter, crop rotation and biological control . Organic farming, extensive type, uses alternative medicine and respects the welfare of animals.
Throughout the industry, operators of organic meet stringent specifications that emphasizes friendly and cleaner processes and ecosystems.
Act No. 2009-967 of 3 August 2009 relating to the implementation of the Grenelle de l'environnement (Loi Grenelle I ") sets a target of 6% of the UAA in organic production in 2012 ( a threefold increase in the acreage of 2008) and 20% in 2020. The various support to organic farming (conversion aid, aid to maintain organic farming, tax credits) have been substantially increased in recent years.
Indicator covers both surfaces "certified organic" and the surfaces under conversion, the production is not yet certified organic.
- result relating to the issue of sustainable development
End 2008 nearly 13 300 farms are engaged in organic production, an area of 583,800 ha, or 2.1% of the UAA. After a weak growth between 2002 and 2007, the year 2008 marks a resumption of development of organic farming, with a 11% increase in the number of farms and 4.8% of the area concerned. The surfaces are also progressing in conversion (+ 36% in 2008), reflecting a rise of more and stronger.
The area under organic production methods are about 60% devoted to forage, and 20% for arable crops. The weight of organic agriculture in the total area is higher than the average for orchards (5.8%), vines (3.3%) and fodder (2.8%).
- territorial disparities
In 2008, with over 60 000 ha, Midi-Pyrenees and the Loire Valley are the first two regions involved in organic farming. If, in terms of weight of organic farming in the UAA, these two regions exceed the national average of 2.1%, they remain down compared to other regions such as Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur (7 , 7%), Languedoc-Roussillon (5.0%) and to a lesser extent Corsica (3.7%), Rhone-Alpes and Alsace (3.6%). Guyana stands out with a rate of 10.3% UAA in its biology. Organic farming is much less developed in Picardie, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Champagne-Ardenne, Haute-Normandie, Ile-de-France and Centre, where his weight in the UAA is less than half the national average. Within the administrative regions, the situation is more or less mixed. For example, the Drôme has the highest rate of his county in organic UAA (10.6%) while the Rhone, Savoie and Haute-Savoie have a rate below the national average.
fodder account for 60% of the area under organic farming at national level. They represent more 80% of areas in major livestock areas such as Auvergne, Basse-Normandie, Franche-Comte and Limousin. Crops (21% of the area of organic agriculture at national level) are the majority of land in organic farming in Ile-de-France and represent over 40% in Poitou-Charentes, Centre and Picardie.
Surfaces farming region in 2008 by
Source: Organic, Annual Agricultural Statistics (CSO)
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